By Abhay Ray 
Introduction
Who doesn’t love that deep-fried samosa, jalebi, chole bhature or even pakoras on a rainy day with a hot cup of tea? Though these deep-fried snacks are a treat for our taste buds, they might be silently harming our health. And now, the day may not be far when our favourite Indian treats like samosas, jalebis, laddoos, and pakoras come with health warnings just like cigarettes do. In a new move to promote healthy eating, the Union Health Ministry has asked all central government institutions, including AIIMS Nagpur, to put up “oil and sugar boards” in cafeterias and public spaces. These posters will show how much fat, oil, and sugar are present in commonly eaten snacks. The goal is to raise awareness about hidden calories in popular foods, not to ban them. Officials say these posters will act as reminders, helping people make better food choices, especially in places where such items are often consumed.
Samosas and trans-fat
“Samosas are deep-fried snacks often prepared using hydrogenated oils or oils that are reused multiple times, which significantly increases the presence of harmful trans fats. Trans fats are known to increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, commonly referred to as ‘bad cholesterol’, while simultaneously decreasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, the ‘good cholesterol’ that helps clear arterial plaques. This imbalance accelerates the process of atherosclerosis, where arteries become narrowed and hardened due to the buildup of cholesterol and other substances on the artery walls, leading to heightened risks of coronary artery disease, heart attacks, and strokes,” he said.
“Furthermore, trans fats contribute to systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, which directly impairs the inner lining of blood vessels, reducing their ability to dilate properly and increasing blood pressure. The refined flour (maida) used in samosas is a simple carbohydrate that further spikes blood glucose levels, compounding the metabolic risks,” the cardiologist explained.
Are Jalebis harmful too?
Jalebis are loaded with sugar, which can be equally harmful, emphasised Dr Chiwane. He said, “Jalebi, a deep-fried dessert soaked in concentrated sugar syrup, is an example of a food extremely high in simple sugars with an exceptionally high glycemic load. Consuming such high levels of sugar causes rapid spikes in blood glucose and insulin, promoting insulin resistance over time — a key driver of type 2 diabetes.”
He added, “Elevated sugar intake is also closely associated with increased triglyceride levels in the blood, which not only contributes to the development of fatty liver disease but also exacerbates dyslipidemia, a condition characterised by abnormal lipid levels that increase cardiovascular risk. Additionally, sugar consumption induces oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation, both of which play a crucial role in damaging the vascular system and promoting hypertension and arterial stiffness.”
What to do Instead?
“A heart-healthy diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, healthy fats like those from nuts and olive oil, and lean protein is recommended to maintain optimal heart function and reduce long-term cardiovascular risk. While an occasional indulgence may not cause immediate harm, regular consumption of samosa and jalebi can set the stage for chronic health issues that are largely preventable through dietary awareness and moderation,” the cardiologist said.
Why this move?
Health experts say this is a much-needed step, as India is facing a growing obesity crisis. By 2050, more than 44.9 crore Indians are expected to be overweight or obese, making India the second most affected country after the U.S. Right now, about 1 in 5 urban adults in India is overweight. Doctors are also seeing a rise in childhood obesity, caused by poor diet and low physical activity.
“This is not about banning food,” said Dr. Sunil Gupta, a senior diabetologist. “But if people knew that one gulab jamun may contain five teaspoons of sugar, they might think twice before eating another.”
How will this be put into Effect?
- The information posters will mention fat and sugar content in popular foods. This clear information about sugar and trans fat content will function like health warning labels on cigarettes.
- “Oil and Sugar Board” in schools, offices, public institutions, autonomous bodies and other organisations displaying key information about hidden fats and sugars in everyday foods can help raise awareness on harmful consumption.
- Health messages that outline long-term health risks from frequent consumption of these foods will also be implemented.
- This initiative has also urged organisations and institutions to promote the availability of healthier food options and limit accessibility of sugary drinks and high-fat snacks. It also highlights the role of physical activity.
Conclusion
The Union Health Ministry’s initiative to display health warnings on popular Indian snacks like samosas, vadapavs, kachoris, and jalebis marks a crucial step towards addressing the rising burden of obesity and non-communicable diseases in India. By highlighting the hidden dangers of trans fats and excessive sugar, and encouraging institutions to spread awareness through posters, official stationery, and educational boards, the government aims to foster a culture of mindful eating and informed choices. While these foods are deeply embedded in India’s culinary tradition, their frequent consumption can lead to serious health risks, including heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension. This campaign emphasizes the importance of moderation, transparency in food content, and a shift toward a healthier lifestyle. Public cooperation, along with institutional support, will be key in making this health movement effective and sustainable.
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